Free Download

The pbat and a brief outcome measure can be downloaded below. The PBAT is an item pool, which means you don’t have to use the whole measure. For example, you can use a subset of items from it and add these to your current battery.

Download the PBAT

PBAT translations and other resources

Click here to Access the German Version of the PBAT

Click here to access the Italian version of the PBAT

Click here to access the DNA-V discussion Tool , based on the PBAT

Click here to access PBAT comprehension adapted version with images and cards

Citations for PBAT

Ciarrochi, J., Sahrda, B., Hofmann, S., & Hayes, S.C. (2022). Developing an item pool to assess processes of change in psychological interventions. The process-based assessment tool (PBAT). Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science,23, 200-213.

Sanford, B.T., Ciarrochi, J., Hofmann, S.G., Gates, K.M., & Hayes, S.C. (in press). Toward empirical process-based case conceptualization: An idionomic network examination of the process-based assessment tool. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science.

Norms for the PBAT

These are norms based on Ciarrochi et al., 2022 study of a representative U.S.

Outcome measures

These were the measures used in Ciarrochi, et al., 2022.

Mental ill-health

We recommend the five STOP-D items to measure sadness, anxiety, stress, anger, and lack of social support

Young, Q.-R., Ignaszewski, A., Fofonoff, D., & Kaan, A. (2007). Brief screen to identify 5 of the most common forms of psychosocial distress in cardiac patients: validation of the screening tool for psychological distress. The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 22(6), 525–534.

Young, Q.-R., Nguyen, M., Roth, S., Broadberry, A., & Mackay, M. H. (2015). Single-item measures for depression and anxiety: Validation of the Screening Tool for Psychological Distress in an inpatient cardiology setting. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing: Journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology, 14(6), 544–551.

Mental and physical well-being

We utilised the single item health measure (Ware & Sherbourne, 1992) to assess health in the past week. Responses ranged from 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent).

Ware, J. E., Jr, & Sherbourne, C. D. (1992). The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care, 30(6), 473–483.

Finally, to assess vitality, we recommend assessing used three positive items from the vitality scale (Ryan & Frederick, 1997), including “during the last week, I felt energized”, “vital and alive”

Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. (1997). On energy, personality, and health: subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. Journal of Personality, 65(3), 529–565.